Factors affecting rate of Enzyme action

Enzyme concentration.

If we increase enzyme concentration, there will increase in rate but up to a limit.

Increasing enzyme concentration by two-fold will double the rate in unlimited substrate concentration.

Substrate concentration.

Increasing substrate concentration there will increase rate, but up to limit.

When all the active sites are occupied by substrate, this condition is called saturation point. 

Temperature.

All enzymes that work maximum at a specific temperature are called optimum temperature.

Example.

37 centigrade temperatures for human enzymes.

• Temperature provides chemical energy and kinetic energy to reaction.
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• Temperature more than optimum vibrations becomes violent and bonds break which result in the denaturation of enzymes. 

PH.

Enzymes work on specific pH is called optimum PH.

• If slight change in PH it results in a change in the ionization of enzymes.
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• If extreme change in pH, it results in denaturation of enzymes.